Question about ASUS Z170-Deluxe

Yes and no. They should run on the mainboard. However, not at the specified speed. Ergo: pointless.
Main memory Chipi DDR4-2133
Max. RAM OCi 3733 MHz

You can, but it is less recommended.
A 2x16GB configuration would be more sensible, as the Z170 chipset does not support Quad Channel memory anyway, so fully occupied memory only puts an unnecessary load on the memory controller. In addition, you could upgrade the memory more easily in the future (if 32GB memory is really too little for you :D).
Here are two 16GB modules of the same series from Corsair: Corsair Dominator Platinum (2x, 16GB, DDR4-2800, DIMM 288).
These are "only" clocked at 2800 MHz by default, but a difference will hardly be noticeable (outside of benchmarks). In addition, the Dominator bars can be easily and well overclocked.

Hope I was able to help you. :)