Questions about Transcend ESD310C

Yes

Yes, this USB stick is compatible with Android tablets, provided the tablet supports USB OTG (On-The-Go) functionality. It works with several operating systems, including Android, and has USB-C and USB-A connectors for easy connection without additional cables. Before use, it may be necessary to check or reformat the file system (exFAT or FAT32) depending on the requirements of the Android tablet.

Should work. But the thing will be reformatted. However, such a super stick is somewhat luxurious...

In theory this should be doable, in practice I couldn't make the drive show up at all in the Files app in my iPhone 14 Pro, neither with the camera connector nor with a USB-C to Lightning adapter. Either way, you'd get at most 60MB/s since single-sided Lightning can only do USB 2.