Question about Ubiquiti Us-8-150w

Your notebook and other non-PoE devices will not break. This is because the standard provides for a control function for the device feeding in, i.e. it does not matter whether you connect a PoE device or a non-PoE device to the PoE switch. (The voltage of 48V is therefore not permanently applied to the ports, even if PoE is activated).

Yes, you can do that...
But only via the GUI.